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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupanem | om tupan |
| 2SG: | tupanet | ot tupan |
| 3SG: | tupana | ok/ogeʃ tupan |
| 1PL: | tupanena | ona/ogəna tupan |
| 2PL: | tupaneda | oda/ogəda tupan |
| 3PL: | tupanat | ogət tupan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupanəʃəm | ʃəm tupan |
| 2SG: | tupanəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ tupan |
| 3SG: | tupanəʃ | əʃ tupan |
| 1PL: | tupanəʃna | əʃna tupan |
| 2PL: | tupanəʃda | əʃda tupan |
| 3PL: | tupanəʃt | əʃt tupan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupanenam | tupanen oməl |
| 2SG: | tupanenat | tupanen otəl |
| 3SG: | tupanen | tupanen ogəl |
| 1PL: | tupanenːa | tupanen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | tupanenda | tupanen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | tupanenət | tupanen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupanem əʎe | om tupan əʎe |
| 2SG: | tupanet əʎe | ot tupan əʎe |
| 3SG: | tupana əʎe | ok/ogeʃ tupan əʎe |
| 1PL: | tupanena əʎe | ona/ogəna tupan əʎe |
| 2PL: | tupaneda əʎe | oda/ogəda tupan əʎe |
| 3PL: | tupanat əʎe | ogət tupan əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupanem ulmaʃ | om tupan ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | tupanet ulmaʃ | ot tupan ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tupana ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ tupan ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | tupanena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna tupan ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | tupaneda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda tupan ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tupanat ulmaʃ | ogət tupan ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupanenam əʎe | tupanen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | tupanenat əʎe | tupanen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | tupanen əʎe | tupanen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | tupanenːa əʎe | tupanen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | tupanenda əʎe | tupanen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | tupanen əʎe | tupanen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupanenam ulmaʃ | tupanen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | tupanenat ulmaʃ | tupanen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tupanen ulmaʃ | tupanen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | tupanenːa ulmaʃ | tupanen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | tupanenda ulmaʃ | tupanen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tupanen ulmaʃ | tupanen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tupan | it tupan |
| 3SG: | tupanʒe | ənʒe tupan |
| 1PL: | (tupanena) | (ona/ogəna tupan) |
| 2PL: | tupanza | ida tupan |
| 3PL: | tupanəʃt | ənəʃt tupan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupanːem | ənem tupan |
| 2SG: | tupanːet | ənet tupan |
| 3SG: | tupanːeʒe | əneʒ tupan |
| 1PL: | tupanːena | ənena tupan |
| 2PL: | tupanːeda | əneda tupan |
| 3PL: | tupanːeʃt | əneʃt tupan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupanːem əʎe | ənem tupan əʎe |
| 2SG: | tupanːena əʎe | ənet tupan əʎe |
| 3SG: | tupanːeʒe əʎe | əneʒ tupan əʎe |
| 1PL: | tupanːena əʎe | ənena tupan əʎe |
| 2PL: | tupanːeda əʎe | əneda tupan əʎe |
| 3PL: | tupanːeʃt əʎe | əneʃt tupan əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tupanːet ulmaʃ | ənet tupan ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tupanːeʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ tupan ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tupanːeda ulmaʃ | əneda tupan ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tupanːeʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt tupan ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tupanaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tupanman |
| Active participle: | tupanʃe |
| Passive participle: | tupanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tupanʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | tupandəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tupanen |
| Negative gerund: | tupande |
| Gerund of prior action: | tupanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tupanmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tupanʃəla |
| Nominalization: | tupanmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | tupandəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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