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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupβelem | om tupβel |
| 2SG: | tupβelet | ot tupβel |
| 3SG: | tupβela | ok/ogeš tupβel |
| 1PL: | tupβelena | ona/ogə̑na tupβel |
| 2PL: | tupβeleda | oda/ogə̑da tupβel |
| 3PL: | tupβelat | ogə̑t tupβel |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupβelə̑šə̑m | šə̑m tupβel |
| 2SG: | tupβelə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ tupβel |
| 3SG: | tupβelə̑š | ə̑š tupβel |
| 1PL: | tupβelə̑šna | ə̑šna tupβel |
| 2PL: | tupβelə̑šda | ə̑šda tupβel |
| 3PL: | tupβelə̑št | ə̑št tupβel |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupβelenam | tupβelen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | tupβelenat | tupβelen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | tupβelen | tupβelen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | tupβelenna | tupβelen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | tupβelenda | tupβelen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | tupβelenə̑t | tupβelen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupβelem ə̑l'e | om tupβel ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tupβelet ə̑l'e | ot tupβel ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tupβela ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš tupβel ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tupβelena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na tupβel ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tupβeleda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da tupβel ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tupβelat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t tupβel ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupβelem ulmaš | om tupβel ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tupβelet ulmaš | ot tupβel ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tupβela ulmaš | ok/ogeš tupβel ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tupβelena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na tupβel ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tupβeleda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da tupβel ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tupβelat ulmaš | ogə̑t tupβel ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupβelenam ə̑l'e | tupβelen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tupβelenat ə̑l'e | tupβelen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tupβelen ə̑l'e | tupβelen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tupβelenna ə̑l'e | tupβelen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tupβelenda ə̑l'e | tupβelen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tupβelen ə̑l'e | tupβelen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupβelenam ulmaš | tupβelen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | tupβelenat ulmaš | tupβelen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tupβelen ulmaš | tupβelen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | tupβelenna ulmaš | tupβelen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | tupβelenda ulmaš | tupβelen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tupβelen ulmaš | tupβelen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tupβel | it tupβel |
| 3SG: | tupβelže | ə̑nže tupβel |
| 1PL: | (tupβelena) | (ona/ogə̑na tupβel) |
| 2PL: | tupβelza | ida tupβel |
| 3PL: | tupβelə̑št | ə̑nə̑št tupβel |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupβelnem | ə̑nem tupβel |
| 2SG: | tupβelnet | ə̑net tupβel |
| 3SG: | tupβelneže | ə̑než tupβel |
| 1PL: | tupβelnena | ə̑nena tupβel |
| 2PL: | tupβelneda | ə̑neda tupβel |
| 3PL: | tupβelnešt | ə̑nešt tupβel |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupβelnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem tupβel ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | tupβelnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net tupβel ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | tupβelneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než tupβel ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | tupβelnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena tupβel ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | tupβelneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda tupβel ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | tupβelnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt tupβel ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tupβelnet ulmaš | ə̑net tupβel ulmaš |
| 3SG: | tupβelneže ulmaš | ə̑než tupβel ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tupβelneda ulmaš | ə̑neda tupβel ulmaš |
| 3PL: | tupβelnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt tupβel ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tupβelaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tupβelman |
| Active participle: | tupβelše |
| Passive participle: | tupβelme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tupβelšaš |
| Negative participle: | tupβeldə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tupβelen |
| Negative gerund: | tupβelde |
| Gerund of prior action: | tupβelmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tupβelmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tupβelšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | tupβelmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | tupβeldə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||