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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupem | om tup |
| 2SG: | tupet | ot tup |
| 3SG: | tupa | ok/ogeʃ tup |
| 1PL: | tupena | ona/ogəna tup |
| 2PL: | tupeda | oda/ogəda tup |
| 3PL: | tupat | ogət tup |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupəʃəm | ʃəm tup |
| 2SG: | tupəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ tup |
| 3SG: | tupəʃ | əʃ tup |
| 1PL: | tupəʃna | əʃna tup |
| 2PL: | tupəʃda | əʃda tup |
| 3PL: | tupəʃt | əʃt tup |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupenam | tupen oməl |
| 2SG: | tupenat | tupen otəl |
| 3SG: | tupen | tupen ogəl |
| 1PL: | tupenːa | tupen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | tupenda | tupen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | tupenət | tupen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupem əʎe | om tup əʎe |
| 2SG: | tupet əʎe | ot tup əʎe |
| 3SG: | tupa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ tup əʎe |
| 1PL: | tupena əʎe | ona/ogəna tup əʎe |
| 2PL: | tupeda əʎe | oda/ogəda tup əʎe |
| 3PL: | tupat əʎe | ogət tup əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupem ulmaʃ | om tup ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | tupet ulmaʃ | ot tup ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tupa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ tup ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | tupena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna tup ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | tupeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda tup ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tupat ulmaʃ | ogət tup ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupenam əʎe | tupen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | tupenat əʎe | tupen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | tupen əʎe | tupen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | tupenːa əʎe | tupen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | tupenda əʎe | tupen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | tupen əʎe | tupen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupenam ulmaʃ | tupen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | tupenat ulmaʃ | tupen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tupen ulmaʃ | tupen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | tupenːa ulmaʃ | tupen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | tupenda ulmaʃ | tupen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tupen ulmaʃ | tupen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tup | it tup |
| 3SG: | tupʃo | ənʒe tup |
| 1PL: | (tupena) | (ona/ogəna tup) |
| 2PL: | tupsa | ida tup |
| 3PL: | tupəʃt | ənəʃt tup |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupnem | ənem tup |
| 2SG: | tupnet | ənet tup |
| 3SG: | tupneʒe | əneʒ tup |
| 1PL: | tupnena | ənena tup |
| 2PL: | tupneda | əneda tup |
| 3PL: | tupneʃt | əneʃt tup |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | tupnem əʎe | ənem tup əʎe |
| 2SG: | tupnena əʎe | ənet tup əʎe |
| 3SG: | tupneʒe əʎe | əneʒ tup əʎe |
| 1PL: | tupnena əʎe | ənena tup əʎe |
| 2PL: | tupneda əʎe | əneda tup əʎe |
| 3PL: | tupneʃt əʎe | əneʃt tup əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | tupnet ulmaʃ | ənet tup ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | tupneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ tup ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | tupneda ulmaʃ | əneda tup ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | tupneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt tup ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | tupaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | tupman |
| Active participle: | tupʃo |
| Passive participle: | tupmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | tupʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | tupdəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | tupen |
| Negative gerund: | tupde |
| Gerund of prior action: | tupmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | tupmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | tupʃəla |
| Nominalization: | tupmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | tupdəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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