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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | χramem | om χram |
| 2SG: | χramet | ot χram |
| 3SG: | χrama | ok/ogeš χram |
| 1PL: | χramena | ona/ogə̑na χram |
| 2PL: | χrameda | oda/ogə̑da χram |
| 3PL: | χramat | ogə̑t χram |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | χramə̑šə̑m | šə̑m χram |
| 2SG: | χramə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ χram |
| 3SG: | χramə̑š | ə̑š χram |
| 1PL: | χramə̑šna | ə̑šna χram |
| 2PL: | χramə̑šda | ə̑šda χram |
| 3PL: | χramə̑št | ə̑št χram |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | χramenam | χramen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | χramenat | χramen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | χramen | χramen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | χramenna | χramen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | χramenda | χramen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | χramenə̑t | χramen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | χramem ə̑l'e | om χram ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | χramet ə̑l'e | ot χram ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | χrama ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš χram ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | χramena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na χram ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | χrameda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da χram ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | χramat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t χram ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | χramem ulmaš | om χram ulmaš |
| 2SG: | χramet ulmaš | ot χram ulmaš |
| 3SG: | χrama ulmaš | ok/ogeš χram ulmaš |
| 1PL: | χramena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na χram ulmaš |
| 2PL: | χrameda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da χram ulmaš |
| 3PL: | χramat ulmaš | ogə̑t χram ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | χramenam ə̑l'e | χramen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | χramenat ə̑l'e | χramen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | χramen ə̑l'e | χramen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | χramenna ə̑l'e | χramen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | χramenda ə̑l'e | χramen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | χramen ə̑l'e | χramen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | χramenam ulmaš | χramen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | χramenat ulmaš | χramen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | χramen ulmaš | χramen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | χramenna ulmaš | χramen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | χramenda ulmaš | χramen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | χramen ulmaš | χramen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | χram | it χram |
| 3SG: | χramže | ə̑nže χram |
| 1PL: | (χramena) | (ona/ogə̑na χram) |
| 2PL: | χramza | ida χram |
| 3PL: | χramə̑št | ə̑nə̑št χram |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | χramnem | ə̑nem χram |
| 2SG: | χramnet | ə̑net χram |
| 3SG: | χramneže | ə̑než χram |
| 1PL: | χramnena | ə̑nena χram |
| 2PL: | χramneda | ə̑neda χram |
| 3PL: | χramnešt | ə̑nešt χram |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | χramnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem χram ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | χramnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net χram ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | χramneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než χram ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | χramnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena χram ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | χramneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda χram ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | χramnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt χram ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | χramnet ulmaš | ə̑net χram ulmaš |
| 3SG: | χramneže ulmaš | ə̑než χram ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | χramneda ulmaš | ə̑neda χram ulmaš |
| 3PL: | χramnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt χram ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | χramaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | χramman |
| Active participle: | χramše |
| Passive participle: | χramme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | χramšaš |
| Negative participle: | χramdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | χramen |
| Negative gerund: | χramde |
| Gerund of prior action: | χrammek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | χrammeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | χramšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | χrammaš |
| Negative nominalization: | χramdə̑maš |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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