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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́apküjem | om č́apkü€ |
| 2SG: | č́apküjet | ot č́apkü€ |
| 3SG: | č́apküa | ok/ogeš č́apkü€ |
| 1PL: | č́apküjena | ona/ogə̑na č́apkü€ |
| 2PL: | č́apküjeda | oda/ogə̑da č́apkü€ |
| 3PL: | č́apküat | ogə̑t č́apkü€ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́apkü€šə̑m | šə̑m č́apkü€ |
| 2SG: | č́apkü€šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ č́apkü€ |
| 3SG: | č́apkü€š | ə̑š č́apkü€ |
| 1PL: | č́apküšna | ə̑šna č́apkü€ |
| 2PL: | č́apküšda | ə̑šda č́apkü€ |
| 3PL: | č́apkü€št | ə̑št č́apkü€ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́apküjenam | č́apküjen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | č́apküjenat | č́apküjen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | č́apküjen | č́apküjen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | č́apküjenna | č́apküjen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | č́apküjenda | č́apküjen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | č́apküjenə̑t | č́apküjen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́apküjem ə̑l'e | om č́apkü€ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́apküjet ə̑l'e | ot č́apkü€ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́apküa ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš č́apkü€ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́apküjena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na č́apkü€ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́apküjeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da č́apkü€ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́apküat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t č́apkü€ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́apküjem ulmaš | om č́apkü€ ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́apküjet ulmaš | ot č́apkü€ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́apküa ulmaš | ok/ogeš č́apkü€ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́apküjena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na č́apkü€ ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́apküjeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da č́apkü€ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́apküat ulmaš | ogə̑t č́apkü€ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́apküjenam ə̑l'e | č́apküjen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́apküjenat ə̑l'e | č́apküjen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́apküjen ə̑l'e | č́apküjen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́apküjenna ə̑l'e | č́apküjen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́apküjenda ə̑l'e | č́apküjen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́apküjen ə̑l'e | č́apküjen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́apküjenam ulmaš | č́apküjen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́apküjenat ulmaš | č́apküjen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́apküjen ulmaš | č́apküjen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́apküjenna ulmaš | č́apküjen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́apküjenda ulmaš | č́apküjen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́apküjen ulmaš | č́apküjen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́apkü€ | it č́apkü€ |
| 3SG: | č́apkü€žö | ə̑nže č́apkü€ |
| 1PL: | (č́apküjena) | (ona/ogə̑na č́apkü€) |
| 2PL: | č́apkü€za | ida č́apkü€ |
| 3PL: | č́apkü€št | ə̑nə̑št č́apkü€ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́apkünem | ə̑nem č́apkü€ |
| 2SG: | č́apkünet | ə̑net č́apkü€ |
| 3SG: | č́apküneže | ə̑než č́apkü€ |
| 1PL: | č́apkünena | ə̑nena č́apkü€ |
| 2PL: | č́apküneda | ə̑neda č́apkü€ |
| 3PL: | č́apkünešt | ə̑nešt č́apkü€ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́apkünem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem č́apkü€ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́apkünena ə̑l'e | ə̑net č́apkü€ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́apküneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než č́apkü€ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́apkünena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena č́apkü€ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́apküneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda č́apkü€ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́apkünešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt č́apkü€ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́apkünet ulmaš | ə̑net č́apkü€ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́apküneže ulmaš | ə̑než č́apkü€ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | č́apküneda ulmaš | ə̑neda č́apkü€ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́apkünešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt č́apkü€ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | č́apküaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | č́apküman |
| Active participle: | č́apkü€šö |
| Passive participle: | č́apkü€mö |
| Future-necessitive participle: | č́apküšaš |
| Negative participle: | č́apkü€də̑mö |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | č́apküjen |
| Negative gerund: | č́apküde |
| Gerund of prior action: | č́apkümek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | č́apkümeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | č́apküšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | č́apkümaš |
| Negative nominalization: | č́apküdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||