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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́otanem | om č́otan |
| 2SG: | č́otanet | ot č́otan |
| 3SG: | č́otana | ok/ogeš č́otan |
| 1PL: | č́otanena | ona/ogə̑na č́otan |
| 2PL: | č́otaneda | oda/ogə̑da č́otan |
| 3PL: | č́otanat | ogə̑t č́otan |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́otanə̑šə̑m | šə̑m č́otan |
| 2SG: | č́otanə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ č́otan |
| 3SG: | č́otanə̑š | ə̑š č́otan |
| 1PL: | č́otanə̑šna | ə̑šna č́otan |
| 2PL: | č́otanə̑šda | ə̑šda č́otan |
| 3PL: | č́otanə̑št | ə̑št č́otan |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́otanenam | č́otanen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | č́otanenat | č́otanen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | č́otanen | č́otanen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | č́otanenna | č́otanen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | č́otanenda | č́otanen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | č́otanenə̑t | č́otanen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́otanem ə̑l'e | om č́otan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́otanet ə̑l'e | ot č́otan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́otana ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš č́otan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́otanena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na č́otan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́otaneda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da č́otan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́otanat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t č́otan ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́otanem ulmaš | om č́otan ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́otanet ulmaš | ot č́otan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́otana ulmaš | ok/ogeš č́otan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́otanena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na č́otan ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́otaneda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da č́otan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́otanat ulmaš | ogə̑t č́otan ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́otanenam ə̑l'e | č́otanen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́otanenat ə̑l'e | č́otanen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́otanen ə̑l'e | č́otanen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́otanenna ə̑l'e | č́otanen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́otanenda ə̑l'e | č́otanen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́otanen ə̑l'e | č́otanen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́otanenam ulmaš | č́otanen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́otanenat ulmaš | č́otanen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́otanen ulmaš | č́otanen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́otanenna ulmaš | č́otanen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́otanenda ulmaš | č́otanen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́otanen ulmaš | č́otanen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́otan | it č́otan |
| 3SG: | č́otanže | ə̑nže č́otan |
| 1PL: | (č́otanena) | (ona/ogə̑na č́otan) |
| 2PL: | č́otanza | ida č́otan |
| 3PL: | č́otanə̑št | ə̑nə̑št č́otan |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́otannem | ə̑nem č́otan |
| 2SG: | č́otannet | ə̑net č́otan |
| 3SG: | č́otanneže | ə̑než č́otan |
| 1PL: | č́otannena | ə̑nena č́otan |
| 2PL: | č́otanneda | ə̑neda č́otan |
| 3PL: | č́otannešt | ə̑nešt č́otan |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́otannem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem č́otan ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́otannena ə̑l'e | ə̑net č́otan ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́otanneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než č́otan ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́otannena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena č́otan ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́otanneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda č́otan ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́otannešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt č́otan ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́otannet ulmaš | ə̑net č́otan ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́otanneže ulmaš | ə̑než č́otan ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | č́otanneda ulmaš | ə̑neda č́otan ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́otannešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt č́otan ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | č́otanaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | č́otanman |
| Active participle: | č́otanše |
| Passive participle: | č́otanme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | č́otanšaš |
| Negative participle: | č́otandə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | č́otanen |
| Negative gerund: | č́otande |
| Gerund of prior action: | č́otanmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | č́otanmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | č́otanšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | č́otanmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | č́otandə̑maš |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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