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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́uk-č́ukem | om č́uk-č́uk |
| 2SG: | č́uk-č́uket | ot č́uk-č́uk |
| 3SG: | č́uk-č́uka | ok/ogeš č́uk-č́uk |
| 1PL: | č́uk-č́ukena | ona/ogə̑na č́uk-č́uk |
| 2PL: | č́uk-č́ukeda | oda/ogə̑da č́uk-č́uk |
| 3PL: | č́uk-č́ukat | ogə̑t č́uk-č́uk |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́uk-č́ukə̑šə̑m | šə̑m č́uk-č́uk |
| 2SG: | č́uk-č́ukə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ č́uk-č́uk |
| 3SG: | č́uk-č́ukə̑š | ə̑š č́uk-č́uk |
| 1PL: | č́uk-č́ukə̑šna | ə̑šna č́uk-č́uk |
| 2PL: | č́uk-č́ukə̑šda | ə̑šda č́uk-č́uk |
| 3PL: | č́uk-č́ukə̑št | ə̑št č́uk-č́uk |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́uk-č́ukenam | č́uk-č́uken omə̑l |
| 2SG: | č́uk-č́ukenat | č́uk-č́uken otə̑l |
| 3SG: | č́uk-č́uken | č́uk-č́uken ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | č́uk-č́ukenna | č́uk-č́uken onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | č́uk-č́ukenda | č́uk-č́uken odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | č́uk-č́ukenə̑t | č́uk-č́uken ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́uk-č́ukem ə̑l'e | om č́uk-č́uk ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́uk-č́uket ə̑l'e | ot č́uk-č́uk ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́uk-č́uka ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš č́uk-č́uk ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́uk-č́ukena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na č́uk-č́uk ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́uk-č́ukeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da č́uk-č́uk ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́uk-č́ukat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t č́uk-č́uk ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́uk-č́ukem ulmaš | om č́uk-č́uk ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́uk-č́uket ulmaš | ot č́uk-č́uk ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́uk-č́uka ulmaš | ok/ogeš č́uk-č́uk ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́uk-č́ukena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na č́uk-č́uk ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́uk-č́ukeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da č́uk-č́uk ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́uk-č́ukat ulmaš | ogə̑t č́uk-č́uk ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́uk-č́ukenam ə̑l'e | č́uk-č́uken omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́uk-č́ukenat ə̑l'e | č́uk-č́uken otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́uk-č́uken ə̑l'e | č́uk-č́uken ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́uk-č́ukenna ə̑l'e | č́uk-č́uken onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́uk-č́ukenda ə̑l'e | č́uk-č́uken odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́uk-č́uken ə̑l'e | č́uk-č́uken ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́uk-č́ukenam ulmaš | č́uk-č́uken omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | č́uk-č́ukenat ulmaš | č́uk-č́uken otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́uk-č́uken ulmaš | č́uk-č́uken ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | č́uk-č́ukenna ulmaš | č́uk-č́uken onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | č́uk-č́ukenda ulmaš | č́uk-č́uken odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́uk-č́uken ulmaš | č́uk-č́uken ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́uk-č́uk | it č́uk-č́uk |
| 3SG: | č́uk-č́ukšo | ə̑nže č́uk-č́uk |
| 1PL: | (č́uk-č́ukena) | (ona/ogə̑na č́uk-č́uk) |
| 2PL: | č́uk-č́uksa | ida č́uk-č́uk |
| 3PL: | č́uk-č́ukə̑št | ə̑nə̑št č́uk-č́uk |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́uk-č́uknem | ə̑nem č́uk-č́uk |
| 2SG: | č́uk-č́uknet | ə̑net č́uk-č́uk |
| 3SG: | č́uk-č́ukneže | ə̑než č́uk-č́uk |
| 1PL: | č́uk-č́uknena | ə̑nena č́uk-č́uk |
| 2PL: | č́uk-č́ukneda | ə̑neda č́uk-č́uk |
| 3PL: | č́uk-č́uknešt | ə̑nešt č́uk-č́uk |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | č́uk-č́uknem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem č́uk-č́uk ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | č́uk-č́uknena ə̑l'e | ə̑net č́uk-č́uk ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | č́uk-č́ukneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než č́uk-č́uk ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | č́uk-č́uknena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena č́uk-č́uk ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | č́uk-č́ukneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda č́uk-č́uk ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | č́uk-č́uknešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt č́uk-č́uk ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | č́uk-č́uknet ulmaš | ə̑net č́uk-č́uk ulmaš |
| 3SG: | č́uk-č́ukneže ulmaš | ə̑než č́uk-č́uk ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | č́uk-č́ukneda ulmaš | ə̑neda č́uk-č́uk ulmaš |
| 3PL: | č́uk-č́uknešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt č́uk-č́uk ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | č́uk-č́ukaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | č́uk-č́ukman |
| Active participle: | č́uk-č́ukšo |
| Passive participle: | č́uk-č́ukmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | č́uk-č́ukšaš |
| Negative participle: | č́uk-č́ukdə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | č́uk-č́uken |
| Negative gerund: | č́uk-č́ukde |
| Gerund of prior action: | č́uk-č́ukmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | č́uk-č́ukmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | č́uk-č́ukšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | č́uk-č́ukmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | č́uk-č́ukdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||