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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃapem | om ʃap |
| 2SG: | ʃapet | ot ʃap |
| 3SG: | ʃapa | ok/ogeʃ ʃap |
| 1PL: | ʃapena | ona/ogəna ʃap |
| 2PL: | ʃapeda | oda/ogəda ʃap |
| 3PL: | ʃapat | ogət ʃap |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃapəʃəm | ʃəm ʃap |
| 2SG: | ʃapəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ʃap |
| 3SG: | ʃapəʃ | əʃ ʃap |
| 1PL: | ʃapəʃna | əʃna ʃap |
| 2PL: | ʃapəʃda | əʃda ʃap |
| 3PL: | ʃapəʃt | əʃt ʃap |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃapenam | ʃapen oməl |
| 2SG: | ʃapenat | ʃapen otəl |
| 3SG: | ʃapen | ʃapen ogəl |
| 1PL: | ʃapenːa | ʃapen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ʃapenda | ʃapen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ʃapenət | ʃapen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃapem əʎe | om ʃap əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃapet əʎe | ot ʃap əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃapa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ʃap əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃapena əʎe | ona/ogəna ʃap əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃapeda əʎe | oda/ogəda ʃap əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃapat əʎe | ogət ʃap əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃapem ulmaʃ | om ʃap ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃapet ulmaʃ | ot ʃap ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃapa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ʃap ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃapena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ʃap ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃapeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ʃap ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃapat ulmaʃ | ogət ʃap ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃapenam əʎe | ʃapen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃapenat əʎe | ʃapen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃapen əʎe | ʃapen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃapenːa əʎe | ʃapen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃapenda əʎe | ʃapen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃapen əʎe | ʃapen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃapenam ulmaʃ | ʃapen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃapenat ulmaʃ | ʃapen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃapen ulmaʃ | ʃapen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃapenːa ulmaʃ | ʃapen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃapenda ulmaʃ | ʃapen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃapen ulmaʃ | ʃapen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃap | it ʃap |
| 3SG: | ʃapʃe | ənʒe ʃap |
| 1PL: | (ʃapena) | (ona/ogəna ʃap) |
| 2PL: | ʃapsa | ida ʃap |
| 3PL: | ʃapəʃt | ənəʃt ʃap |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃapnem | ənem ʃap |
| 2SG: | ʃapnet | ənet ʃap |
| 3SG: | ʃapneʒe | əneʒ ʃap |
| 1PL: | ʃapnena | ənena ʃap |
| 2PL: | ʃapneda | əneda ʃap |
| 3PL: | ʃapneʃt | əneʃt ʃap |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃapnem əʎe | ənem ʃap əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃapnena əʎe | ənet ʃap əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃapneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ʃap əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃapnena əʎe | ənena ʃap əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃapneda əʎe | əneda ʃap əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃapneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ʃap əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃapnet ulmaʃ | ənet ʃap ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃapneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ʃap ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ʃapneda ulmaʃ | əneda ʃap ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃapneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ʃap ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ʃapaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ʃapman |
| Active participle: | ʃapʃe |
| Passive participle: | ʃapme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ʃapʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ʃapdəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ʃapen |
| Negative gerund: | ʃapde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ʃapmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ʃapmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ʃapʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ʃapmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ʃapdəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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