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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃʎapam | om ʃʎapa |
| 2SG: | ʃʎapat | ot ʃʎapa |
| 3SG: | ʃʎapa | ok/ogeʃ ʃʎapa |
| 1PL: | ʃʎapana | ona/ogəna ʃʎapa |
| 2PL: | ʃʎapada | oda/ogəda ʃʎapa |
| 3PL: | ʃʎapat | ogət ʃʎapa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃʎapaʃəm | ʃəm ʃʎapa |
| 2SG: | ʃʎapaʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ʃʎapa |
| 3SG: | ʃʎapaʃ | əʃ ʃʎapa |
| 1PL: | ʃʎapaʃna | əʃna ʃʎapa |
| 2PL: | ʃʎapaʃda | əʃda ʃʎapa |
| 3PL: | ʃʎapaʃt | əʃt ʃʎapa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃʎapanam | ʃʎapan oməl |
| 2SG: | ʃʎapanat | ʃʎapan otəl |
| 3SG: | ʃʎapan | ʃʎapan ogəl |
| 1PL: | ʃʎapanːa | ʃʎapan onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ʃʎapanda | ʃʎapan odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ʃʎapanət | ʃʎapan ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃʎapam əʎe | om ʃʎapa əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃʎapat əʎe | ot ʃʎapa əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃʎapa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ʃʎapa əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃʎapana əʎe | ona/ogəna ʃʎapa əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃʎapada əʎe | oda/ogəda ʃʎapa əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃʎapat əʎe | ogət ʃʎapa əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃʎapam ulmaʃ | om ʃʎapa ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃʎapat ulmaʃ | ot ʃʎapa ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃʎapa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ʃʎapa ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃʎapana ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ʃʎapa ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃʎapada ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ʃʎapa ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃʎapat ulmaʃ | ogət ʃʎapa ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃʎapanam əʎe | ʃʎapan oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃʎapanat əʎe | ʃʎapan otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃʎapan əʎe | ʃʎapan ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃʎapanːa əʎe | ʃʎapan onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃʎapanda əʎe | ʃʎapan odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃʎapan əʎe | ʃʎapan ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃʎapanam ulmaʃ | ʃʎapan oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃʎapanat ulmaʃ | ʃʎapan otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃʎapan ulmaʃ | ʃʎapan ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃʎapanːa ulmaʃ | ʃʎapan onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃʎapanda ulmaʃ | ʃʎapan odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃʎapan ulmaʃ | ʃʎapan ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃʎapa | it ʃʎapa |
| 3SG: | ʃʎapaʒe | ənʒe ʃʎapa |
| 1PL: | (ʃʎapana) | (ona/ogəna ʃʎapa) |
| 2PL: | ʃʎapaza | ida ʃʎapa |
| 3PL: | ʃʎapaʃt | ənəʃt ʃʎapa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃʎapanem | ənem ʃʎapa |
| 2SG: | ʃʎapanet | ənet ʃʎapa |
| 3SG: | ʃʎapaneʒe | əneʒ ʃʎapa |
| 1PL: | ʃʎapanena | ənena ʃʎapa |
| 2PL: | ʃʎapaneda | əneda ʃʎapa |
| 3PL: | ʃʎapaneʃt | əneʃt ʃʎapa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃʎapanem əʎe | ənem ʃʎapa əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃʎapanena əʎe | ənet ʃʎapa əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃʎapaneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ʃʎapa əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃʎapanena əʎe | ənena ʃʎapa əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃʎapaneda əʎe | əneda ʃʎapa əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃʎapaneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ʃʎapa əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃʎapanet ulmaʃ | ənet ʃʎapa ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃʎapaneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ʃʎapa ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ʃʎapaneda ulmaʃ | əneda ʃʎapa ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃʎapaneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ʃʎapa ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ʃʎapaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ʃʎapaman |
| Active participle: | ʃʎapaʃe |
| Passive participle: | ʃʎapame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ʃʎapaʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ʃʎapadəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ʃʎapan |
| Negative gerund: | ʃʎapade |
| Gerund of prior action: | ʃʎapamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ʃʎapameʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ʃʎapaʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ʃʎapamaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ʃʎapadəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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