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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃpiʎem | om ʃpiʎ |
| 2SG: | ʃpiʎet | ot ʃpiʎ |
| 3SG: | ʃpiʎa | ok/ogeʃ ʃpiʎ |
| 1PL: | ʃpiʎena | ona/ogəna ʃpiʎ |
| 2PL: | ʃpiʎeda | oda/ogəda ʃpiʎ |
| 3PL: | ʃpiʎat | ogət ʃpiʎ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃpiʎəʃəm | ʃəm ʃpiʎ |
| 2SG: | ʃpiʎəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ʃpiʎ |
| 3SG: | ʃpiʎəʃ | əʃ ʃpiʎ |
| 1PL: | ʃpiʎəʃna | əʃna ʃpiʎ |
| 2PL: | ʃpiʎəʃda | əʃda ʃpiʎ |
| 3PL: | ʃpiʎəʃt | əʃt ʃpiʎ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃpiʎenam | ʃpiʎen oməl |
| 2SG: | ʃpiʎenat | ʃpiʎen otəl |
| 3SG: | ʃpiʎen | ʃpiʎen ogəl |
| 1PL: | ʃpiʎenːa | ʃpiʎen onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ʃpiʎenda | ʃpiʎen odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ʃpiʎenət | ʃpiʎen ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃpiʎem əʎe | om ʃpiʎ əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃpiʎet əʎe | ot ʃpiʎ əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃpiʎa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ʃpiʎ əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃpiʎena əʎe | ona/ogəna ʃpiʎ əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃpiʎeda əʎe | oda/ogəda ʃpiʎ əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃpiʎat əʎe | ogət ʃpiʎ əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃpiʎem ulmaʃ | om ʃpiʎ ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃpiʎet ulmaʃ | ot ʃpiʎ ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃpiʎa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ʃpiʎ ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃpiʎena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ʃpiʎ ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃpiʎeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ʃpiʎ ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃpiʎat ulmaʃ | ogət ʃpiʎ ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃpiʎenam əʎe | ʃpiʎen oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃpiʎenat əʎe | ʃpiʎen otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃpiʎen əʎe | ʃpiʎen ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃpiʎenːa əʎe | ʃpiʎen onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃpiʎenda əʎe | ʃpiʎen odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃpiʎen əʎe | ʃpiʎen ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃpiʎenam ulmaʃ | ʃpiʎen oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ʃpiʎenat ulmaʃ | ʃpiʎen otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃpiʎen ulmaʃ | ʃpiʎen ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ʃpiʎenːa ulmaʃ | ʃpiʎen onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ʃpiʎenda ulmaʃ | ʃpiʎen odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃpiʎen ulmaʃ | ʃpiʎen ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃpiʎ | it ʃpiʎ |
| 3SG: | ʃpiʎʒe | ənʒe ʃpiʎ |
| 1PL: | (ʃpiʎena) | (ona/ogəna ʃpiʎ) |
| 2PL: | ʃpiʎza | ida ʃpiʎ |
| 3PL: | ʃpiʎəʃt | ənəʃt ʃpiʎ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃpiʎnem | ənem ʃpiʎ |
| 2SG: | ʃpiʎnet | ənet ʃpiʎ |
| 3SG: | ʃpiʎneʒe | əneʒ ʃpiʎ |
| 1PL: | ʃpiʎnena | ənena ʃpiʎ |
| 2PL: | ʃpiʎneda | əneda ʃpiʎ |
| 3PL: | ʃpiʎneʃt | əneʃt ʃpiʎ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ʃpiʎnem əʎe | ənem ʃpiʎ əʎe |
| 2SG: | ʃpiʎnena əʎe | ənet ʃpiʎ əʎe |
| 3SG: | ʃpiʎneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ʃpiʎ əʎe |
| 1PL: | ʃpiʎnena əʎe | ənena ʃpiʎ əʎe |
| 2PL: | ʃpiʎneda əʎe | əneda ʃpiʎ əʎe |
| 3PL: | ʃpiʎneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ʃpiʎ əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ʃpiʎnet ulmaʃ | ənet ʃpiʎ ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ʃpiʎneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ʃpiʎ ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ʃpiʎneda ulmaʃ | əneda ʃpiʎ ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ʃpiʎneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ʃpiʎ ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ʃpiʎaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ʃpiʎman |
| Active participle: | ʃpiʎʃe |
| Passive participle: | ʃpiʎme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ʃpiʎʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ʃpiʎdəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ʃpiʎen |
| Negative gerund: | ʃpiʎde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ʃpiʎmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ʃpiʎmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ʃpiʎʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ʃpiʎmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ʃpiʎdəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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