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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | eʃam | om eʃa |
| 2SG: | eʃat | ot eʃa |
| 3SG: | eʃa | ok/ogeʃ eʃa |
| 1PL: | eʃana | ona/ogəna eʃa |
| 2PL: | eʃada | oda/ogəda eʃa |
| 3PL: | eʃat | ogət eʃa |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | eʃaʃəm | ʃəm eʃa |
| 2SG: | eʃaʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ eʃa |
| 3SG: | eʃaʃ | əʃ eʃa |
| 1PL: | eʃaʃna | əʃna eʃa |
| 2PL: | eʃaʃda | əʃda eʃa |
| 3PL: | eʃaʃt | əʃt eʃa |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | eʃanam | eʃan oməl |
| 2SG: | eʃanat | eʃan otəl |
| 3SG: | eʃan | eʃan ogəl |
| 1PL: | eʃanːa | eʃan onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | eʃanda | eʃan odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | eʃanət | eʃan ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | eʃam əʎe | om eʃa əʎe |
| 2SG: | eʃat əʎe | ot eʃa əʎe |
| 3SG: | eʃa əʎe | ok/ogeʃ eʃa əʎe |
| 1PL: | eʃana əʎe | ona/ogəna eʃa əʎe |
| 2PL: | eʃada əʎe | oda/ogəda eʃa əʎe |
| 3PL: | eʃat əʎe | ogət eʃa əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | eʃam ulmaʃ | om eʃa ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | eʃat ulmaʃ | ot eʃa ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | eʃa ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ eʃa ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | eʃana ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna eʃa ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | eʃada ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda eʃa ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | eʃat ulmaʃ | ogət eʃa ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | eʃanam əʎe | eʃan oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | eʃanat əʎe | eʃan otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | eʃan əʎe | eʃan ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | eʃanːa əʎe | eʃan onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | eʃanda əʎe | eʃan odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | eʃan əʎe | eʃan ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | eʃanam ulmaʃ | eʃan oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | eʃanat ulmaʃ | eʃan otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | eʃan ulmaʃ | eʃan ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | eʃanːa ulmaʃ | eʃan onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | eʃanda ulmaʃ | eʃan odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | eʃan ulmaʃ | eʃan ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | eʃa | it eʃa |
| 3SG: | eʃaʒe | ənʒe eʃa |
| 1PL: | (eʃana) | (ona/ogəna eʃa) |
| 2PL: | eʃaza | ida eʃa |
| 3PL: | eʃaʃt | ənəʃt eʃa |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | eʃanem | ənem eʃa |
| 2SG: | eʃanet | ənet eʃa |
| 3SG: | eʃaneʒe | əneʒ eʃa |
| 1PL: | eʃanena | ənena eʃa |
| 2PL: | eʃaneda | əneda eʃa |
| 3PL: | eʃaneʃt | əneʃt eʃa |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | eʃanem əʎe | ənem eʃa əʎe |
| 2SG: | eʃanena əʎe | ənet eʃa əʎe |
| 3SG: | eʃaneʒe əʎe | əneʒ eʃa əʎe |
| 1PL: | eʃanena əʎe | ənena eʃa əʎe |
| 2PL: | eʃaneda əʎe | əneda eʃa əʎe |
| 3PL: | eʃaneʃt əʎe | əneʃt eʃa əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | eʃanet ulmaʃ | ənet eʃa ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | eʃaneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ eʃa ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | eʃaneda ulmaʃ | əneda eʃa ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | eʃaneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt eʃa ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | eʃaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | eʃaman |
| Active participle: | eʃaʃe |
| Passive participle: | eʃame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | eʃaʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | eʃadəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | eʃan |
| Negative gerund: | eʃade |
| Gerund of prior action: | eʃamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | eʃameʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | eʃaʃəla |
| Nominalization: | eʃamaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | eʃadəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |
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