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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaβalakem | om jaβalak |
| 2SG: | jaβalaket | ot jaβalak |
| 3SG: | jaβalaka | ok/ogeʃ jaβalak |
| 1PL: | jaβalakena | ona/ogəna jaβalak |
| 2PL: | jaβalakeda | oda/ogəda jaβalak |
| 3PL: | jaβalakat | ogət jaβalak |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaβalakəʃəm | ʃəm jaβalak |
| 2SG: | jaβalakəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ jaβalak |
| 3SG: | jaβalakəʃ | əʃ jaβalak |
| 1PL: | jaβalakəʃna | əʃna jaβalak |
| 2PL: | jaβalakəʃda | əʃda jaβalak |
| 3PL: | jaβalakəʃt | əʃt jaβalak |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaβalakenam | jaβalaken oməl |
| 2SG: | jaβalakenat | jaβalaken otəl |
| 3SG: | jaβalaken | jaβalaken ogəl |
| 1PL: | jaβalakenːa | jaβalaken onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | jaβalakenda | jaβalaken odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | jaβalakenət | jaβalaken ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaβalakem əʎe | om jaβalak əʎe |
| 2SG: | jaβalaket əʎe | ot jaβalak əʎe |
| 3SG: | jaβalaka əʎe | ok/ogeʃ jaβalak əʎe |
| 1PL: | jaβalakena əʎe | ona/ogəna jaβalak əʎe |
| 2PL: | jaβalakeda əʎe | oda/ogəda jaβalak əʎe |
| 3PL: | jaβalakat əʎe | ogət jaβalak əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaβalakem ulmaʃ | om jaβalak ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | jaβalaket ulmaʃ | ot jaβalak ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | jaβalaka ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ jaβalak ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | jaβalakena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna jaβalak ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | jaβalakeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda jaβalak ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | jaβalakat ulmaʃ | ogət jaβalak ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaβalakenam əʎe | jaβalaken oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | jaβalakenat əʎe | jaβalaken otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | jaβalaken əʎe | jaβalaken ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | jaβalakenːa əʎe | jaβalaken onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | jaβalakenda əʎe | jaβalaken odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | jaβalaken əʎe | jaβalaken ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaβalakenam ulmaʃ | jaβalaken oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | jaβalakenat ulmaʃ | jaβalaken otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | jaβalaken ulmaʃ | jaβalaken ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | jaβalakenːa ulmaʃ | jaβalaken onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | jaβalakenda ulmaʃ | jaβalaken odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | jaβalaken ulmaʃ | jaβalaken ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jaβalak | it jaβalak |
| 3SG: | jaβalakʃe | ənʒe jaβalak |
| 1PL: | (jaβalakena) | (ona/ogəna jaβalak) |
| 2PL: | jaβalaksa | ida jaβalak |
| 3PL: | jaβalakəʃt | ənəʃt jaβalak |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaβalaknem | ənem jaβalak |
| 2SG: | jaβalaknet | ənet jaβalak |
| 3SG: | jaβalakneʒe | əneʒ jaβalak |
| 1PL: | jaβalaknena | ənena jaβalak |
| 2PL: | jaβalakneda | əneda jaβalak |
| 3PL: | jaβalakneʃt | əneʃt jaβalak |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | jaβalaknem əʎe | ənem jaβalak əʎe |
| 2SG: | jaβalaknena əʎe | ənet jaβalak əʎe |
| 3SG: | jaβalakneʒe əʎe | əneʒ jaβalak əʎe |
| 1PL: | jaβalaknena əʎe | ənena jaβalak əʎe |
| 2PL: | jaβalakneda əʎe | əneda jaβalak əʎe |
| 3PL: | jaβalakneʃt əʎe | əneʃt jaβalak əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | jaβalaknet ulmaʃ | ənet jaβalak ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | jaβalakneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ jaβalak ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | jaβalakneda ulmaʃ | əneda jaβalak ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | jaβalakneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt jaβalak ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | jaβalakaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | jaβalakman |
| Active participle: | jaβalakʃe |
| Passive participle: | jaβalakme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | jaβalakʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | jaβalakdəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | jaβalaken |
| Negative gerund: | jaβalakde |
| Gerund of prior action: | jaβalakmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | jaβalakmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | jaβalakʃəla |
| Nominalization: | jaβalakmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | jaβalakdəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 26 June 2024 | ||