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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | øpke-sapkam | om øpke-sapka |
| 2SG: | øpke-sapkat | ot øpke-sapka |
| 3SG: | øpke-sapka | ok/ogeʃ øpke-sapka |
| 1PL: | øpke-sapkana | ona/ogəna øpke-sapka |
| 2PL: | øpke-sapkada | oda/ogəda øpke-sapka |
| 3PL: | øpke-sapkat | ogət øpke-sapka |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | øpke-sapkaʃəm | ʃəm øpke-sapka |
| 2SG: | øpke-sapkaʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ øpke-sapka |
| 3SG: | øpke-sapkaʃ | əʃ øpke-sapka |
| 1PL: | øpke-sapkaʃna | əʃna øpke-sapka |
| 2PL: | øpke-sapkaʃda | əʃda øpke-sapka |
| 3PL: | øpke-sapkaʃt | əʃt øpke-sapka |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | øpke-sapkanam | øpke-sapkan oməl |
| 2SG: | øpke-sapkanat | øpke-sapkan otəl |
| 3SG: | øpke-sapkan | øpke-sapkan ogəl |
| 1PL: | øpke-sapkanːa | øpke-sapkan onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | øpke-sapkanda | øpke-sapkan odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | øpke-sapkanət | øpke-sapkan ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | øpke-sapkam əʎe | om øpke-sapka əʎe |
| 2SG: | øpke-sapkat əʎe | ot øpke-sapka əʎe |
| 3SG: | øpke-sapka əʎe | ok/ogeʃ øpke-sapka əʎe |
| 1PL: | øpke-sapkana əʎe | ona/ogəna øpke-sapka əʎe |
| 2PL: | øpke-sapkada əʎe | oda/ogəda øpke-sapka əʎe |
| 3PL: | øpke-sapkat əʎe | ogət øpke-sapka əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | øpke-sapkam ulmaʃ | om øpke-sapka ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | øpke-sapkat ulmaʃ | ot øpke-sapka ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | øpke-sapka ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ øpke-sapka ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | øpke-sapkana ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna øpke-sapka ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | øpke-sapkada ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda øpke-sapka ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | øpke-sapkat ulmaʃ | ogət øpke-sapka ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | øpke-sapkanam əʎe | øpke-sapkan oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | øpke-sapkanat əʎe | øpke-sapkan otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | øpke-sapkan əʎe | øpke-sapkan ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | øpke-sapkanːa əʎe | øpke-sapkan onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | øpke-sapkanda əʎe | øpke-sapkan odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | øpke-sapkan əʎe | øpke-sapkan ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | øpke-sapkanam ulmaʃ | øpke-sapkan oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | øpke-sapkanat ulmaʃ | øpke-sapkan otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | øpke-sapkan ulmaʃ | øpke-sapkan ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | øpke-sapkanːa ulmaʃ | øpke-sapkan onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | øpke-sapkanda ulmaʃ | øpke-sapkan odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | øpke-sapkan ulmaʃ | øpke-sapkan ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | øpke-sapka | it øpke-sapka |
| 3SG: | øpke-sapkaʒe | ənʒe øpke-sapka |
| 1PL: | (øpke-sapkana) | (ona/ogəna øpke-sapka) |
| 2PL: | øpke-sapkaza | ida øpke-sapka |
| 3PL: | øpke-sapkaʃt | ənəʃt øpke-sapka |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | øpke-sapkanem | ənem øpke-sapka |
| 2SG: | øpke-sapkanet | ənet øpke-sapka |
| 3SG: | øpke-sapkaneʒe | əneʒ øpke-sapka |
| 1PL: | øpke-sapkanena | ənena øpke-sapka |
| 2PL: | øpke-sapkaneda | əneda øpke-sapka |
| 3PL: | øpke-sapkaneʃt | əneʃt øpke-sapka |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | øpke-sapkanem əʎe | ənem øpke-sapka əʎe |
| 2SG: | øpke-sapkanena əʎe | ənet øpke-sapka əʎe |
| 3SG: | øpke-sapkaneʒe əʎe | əneʒ øpke-sapka əʎe |
| 1PL: | øpke-sapkanena əʎe | ənena øpke-sapka əʎe |
| 2PL: | øpke-sapkaneda əʎe | əneda øpke-sapka əʎe |
| 3PL: | øpke-sapkaneʃt əʎe | əneʃt øpke-sapka əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | øpke-sapkanet ulmaʃ | ənet øpke-sapka ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | øpke-sapkaneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ øpke-sapka ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | øpke-sapkaneda ulmaʃ | əneda øpke-sapka ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | øpke-sapkaneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt øpke-sapka ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | øpke-sapkaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | øpke-sapkaman |
| Active participle: | øpke-sapkaʃe |
| Passive participle: | øpke-sapkame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | øpke-sapkaʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | øpke-sapkadəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | øpke-sapkan |
| Negative gerund: | øpke-sapkade |
| Gerund of prior action: | øpke-sapkamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | øpke-sapkameʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | øpke-sapkaʃəla |
| Nominalization: | øpke-sapkamaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | øpke-sapkadəmaʃ |
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| Last update: 8 June 2024 | ||