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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | yʃtan |
Genitive: | yʃtanən |
Dative: | yʃtanlan |
Accusative: | yʃtanəm |
Comparative: | yʃtanla |
Comitative: | yʃtange |
Inessive: | yʃtanəʃte |
Illative: | yʃtanəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | yʃtaneʃ |
1SG: | yʃtanem |
2SG: | yʃtanet |
3SG: | yʃtanʒe |
1PL: | yʃtanːa |
2PL: | yʃtanda |
3PL: | yʃtanəʃt |
Plural (1): | yʃtan-βlak |
Plural (2): | yʃtan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | yʃtanla |
Sociative Plural: | yʃtanmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | yʃtanem | yʃtan-βlak | yʃtan-βlakem, yʃtanem-βlak |
Genitive: | yʃtanemən | yʃtan-βlakən | yʃtan-βlakemən, yʃtanem-βlakən |
Dative: | yʃtanemlan, yʃtanlanem | yʃtan-βlaklan | yʃtan-βlakemlan, yʃtanem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | yʃtaneməm | yʃtan-βlakəm | yʃtan-βlakeməm, yʃtanem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | yʃtanemla, yʃtanlam | yʃtan-βlakla | yʃtan-βlakemla, yʃtanem-βlakla |
Comitative: | yʃtanemge | yʃtan-βlakge | yʃtan-βlakemge, yʃtanem-βlakge |
Inessive: | yʃtanəʃtem | yʃtan-βlakəʃte | yʃtan-βlakəʃtem, yʃtanem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | yʃtanəʃkem | yʃtan-βlakəʃ(ke) | yʃtan-βlakəʃkem, yʃtanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | yʃtaneʃem | yʃtan-βlakeʃ | yʃtan-βlakeʃem, yʃtanem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 11 September 2024 Accessibility statement (German) |