Paradigm Generator
Этот материал на данный момент доступен только на английском языке. Марийская и русская версии разрабатываются и скоро будут опубликованы.
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kožβoŋgem | om kožβoŋgo |
2SG: | kožβoŋget | ot kožβoŋgo |
3SG: | kožβoŋga | ok/ogeš kožβoŋgo |
1PL: | kožβoŋgena | ona/ogə̑na kožβoŋgo |
2PL: | kožβoŋgeda | oda/ogə̑da kožβoŋgo |
3PL: | kožβoŋgat | ogə̑t kožβoŋgo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kožβoŋgə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kožβoŋgo |
2SG: | kožβoŋgə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kožβoŋgo |
3SG: | kožβoŋgə̑š | ə̑š kožβoŋgo |
1PL: | kožβoŋgə̑šna | ə̑šna kožβoŋgo |
2PL: | kožβoŋgə̑šda | ə̑šda kožβoŋgo |
3PL: | kožβoŋgə̑št | ə̑št kožβoŋgo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kožβoŋgenam | kožβoŋgen omə̑l |
2SG: | kožβoŋgenat | kožβoŋgen otə̑l |
3SG: | kožβoŋgen | kožβoŋgen ogə̑l |
1PL: | kožβoŋgenna | kožβoŋgen onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | kožβoŋgenda | kožβoŋgen odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | kožβoŋgenə̑t | kožβoŋgen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kožβoŋgem ə̑l'e | om kožβoŋgo ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kožβoŋget ə̑l'e | ot kožβoŋgo ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kožβoŋga ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kožβoŋgo ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kožβoŋgena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kožβoŋgo ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kožβoŋgeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kožβoŋgo ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kožβoŋgat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kožβoŋgo ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kožβoŋgem ulmaš | om kožβoŋgo ulmaš |
2SG: | kožβoŋget ulmaš | ot kožβoŋgo ulmaš |
3SG: | kožβoŋga ulmaš | ok/ogeš kožβoŋgo ulmaš |
1PL: | kožβoŋgena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kožβoŋgo ulmaš |
2PL: | kožβoŋgeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kožβoŋgo ulmaš |
3PL: | kožβoŋgat ulmaš | ogə̑t kožβoŋgo ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kožβoŋgenam ə̑l'e | kožβoŋgen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kožβoŋgenat ə̑l'e | kožβoŋgen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kožβoŋgen ə̑l'e | kožβoŋgen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kožβoŋgenna ə̑l'e | kožβoŋgen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kožβoŋgenda ə̑l'e | kožβoŋgen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kožβoŋgen ə̑l'e | kožβoŋgen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kožβoŋgenam ulmaš | kožβoŋgen omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | kožβoŋgenat ulmaš | kožβoŋgen otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | kožβoŋgen ulmaš | kožβoŋgen ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | kožβoŋgenna ulmaš | kožβoŋgen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | kožβoŋgenda ulmaš | kožβoŋgen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | kožβoŋgen ulmaš | kožβoŋgen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kožβoŋgo | it kožβoŋgo |
3SG: | kožβoŋgə̑žo | ə̑nže kožβoŋgo |
1PL: | (kožβoŋgena) | (ona/ogə̑na kožβoŋgo) |
2PL: | kožβoŋgə̑za | ida kožβoŋgo |
3PL: | kožβoŋgə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kožβoŋgo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kožβoŋgə̑nem | ə̑nem kožβoŋgo |
2SG: | kožβoŋgə̑net | ə̑net kožβoŋgo |
3SG: | kožβoŋgə̑neže | ə̑než kožβoŋgo |
1PL: | kožβoŋgə̑nena | ə̑nena kožβoŋgo |
2PL: | kožβoŋgə̑neda | ə̑neda kožβoŋgo |
3PL: | kožβoŋgə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kožβoŋgo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | kožβoŋgə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kožβoŋgo ə̑l'e |
2SG: | kožβoŋgə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kožβoŋgo ə̑l'e |
3SG: | kožβoŋgə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kožβoŋgo ə̑l'e |
1PL: | kožβoŋgə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kožβoŋgo ə̑l'e |
2PL: | kožβoŋgə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kožβoŋgo ə̑l'e |
3PL: | kožβoŋgə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kožβoŋgo ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | kožβoŋgə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kožβoŋgo ulmaš |
3SG: | kožβoŋgə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kožβoŋgo ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | kožβoŋgə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kožβoŋgo ulmaš |
3PL: | kožβoŋgə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kožβoŋgo ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | kožβoŋgaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | kožβoŋgə̑man |
Active participle: | kožβoŋgə̑šo |
Passive participle: | kožβoŋgə̑mo |
Future-necessitive participle: | kožβoŋgə̑šaš |
Negative participle: | kožβoŋgə̑də̑mo |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | kožβoŋgen |
Negative gerund: | kožβoŋgə̑de |
Gerund of prior action: | kožβoŋgə̑mek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | kožβoŋgə̑meš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | kožβoŋgə̑šə̑la |
Nominalization: | kožβoŋgə̑maš |
Negative nominalization: | kožβoŋgə̑də̑maš |