Paradigm Generator
Этот материал на данный момент доступен только на английском языке. Марийская и русская версии разрабатываются и скоро будут опубликованы.
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | toβaŋaltam | om toβaŋalt |
2SG: | toβaŋaltat | ot toβaŋalt |
3SG: | toβaŋalteš | ok/ogeš toβaŋalt |
1PL: | toβaŋaltə̑na | ona/ogə̑na toβaŋalt |
2PL: | toβaŋaltə̑da | oda/ogə̑da toβaŋalt |
3PL: | toβaŋaltə̑t | ogə̑t toβaŋalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | toβaŋaltə̑m | šə̑m toβaŋalt |
2SG: | toβaŋaltə̑č́ | šə̑č́ toβaŋalt |
3SG: | toβaŋalte | ə̑š toβaŋalt |
1PL: | toβaŋaltna | ə̑šna toβaŋalt |
2PL: | toβaŋaltda | ə̑šda toβaŋalt |
3PL: | toβaŋaltə̑č́ | ə̑št toβaŋalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | toβaŋaltə̑nam | toβaŋaltə̑n omə̑l |
2SG: | toβaŋaltə̑nat | toβaŋaltə̑n otə̑l |
3SG: | toβaŋaltə̑n | toβaŋaltə̑n ogə̑l |
1PL: | toβaŋaltə̑nna | toβaŋaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
2PL: | toβaŋaltə̑nda | toβaŋaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
3PL: | toβaŋaltə̑nə̑t | toβaŋaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | toβaŋaltam ə̑l'e | om toβaŋalt ə̑l'e |
2SG: | toβaŋaltat ə̑l'e | ot toβaŋalt ə̑l'e |
3SG: | toβaŋalteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš toβaŋalt ə̑l'e |
1PL: | toβaŋaltə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na toβaŋalt ə̑l'e |
2PL: | toβaŋaltə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da toβaŋalt ə̑l'e |
3PL: | toβaŋaltə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t toβaŋalt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | toβaŋaltam ulmaš | om toβaŋalt ulmaš |
2SG: | toβaŋaltat ulmaš | ot toβaŋalt ulmaš |
3SG: | toβaŋalteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš toβaŋalt ulmaš |
1PL: | toβaŋaltə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na toβaŋalt ulmaš |
2PL: | toβaŋaltə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da toβaŋalt ulmaš |
3PL: | toβaŋaltə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t toβaŋalt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | toβaŋaltə̑nam ə̑l'e | toβaŋaltə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
2SG: | toβaŋaltə̑nat ə̑l'e | toβaŋaltə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
3SG: | toβaŋaltə̑n ə̑l'e | toβaŋaltə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
1PL: | toβaŋaltə̑nna ə̑l'e | toβaŋaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
2PL: | toβaŋaltə̑nda ə̑l'e | toβaŋaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
3PL: | toβaŋaltə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | toβaŋaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | toβaŋaltə̑nam ulmaš | toβaŋaltə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
2SG: | toβaŋaltə̑nat ulmaš | toβaŋaltə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
3SG: | toβaŋaltə̑n ulmaš | toβaŋaltə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
1PL: | toβaŋaltə̑nna ulmaš | toβaŋaltə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
2PL: | toβaŋaltə̑nda ulmaš | toβaŋaltə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
3PL: | toβaŋaltə̑nə̑t ulmaš | toβaŋaltə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | toβaŋalt | it toβaŋalt |
3SG: | toβaŋaltše | ə̑nže toβaŋalt |
1PL: | (toβaŋaltə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na toβaŋalt) |
2PL: | toβaŋaltsa | ida toβaŋalt |
3PL: | toβaŋaltə̑št | ə̑nə̑št toβaŋalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | toβaŋaltnem | ə̑nem toβaŋalt |
2SG: | toβaŋaltnet | ə̑net toβaŋalt |
3SG: | toβaŋaltneže | ə̑než toβaŋalt |
1PL: | toβaŋaltnena | ə̑nena toβaŋalt |
2PL: | toβaŋaltneda | ə̑neda toβaŋalt |
3PL: | toβaŋaltnešt | ə̑nešt toβaŋalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | toβaŋaltnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem toβaŋalt ə̑l'e |
2SG: | toβaŋaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net toβaŋalt ə̑l'e |
3SG: | toβaŋaltneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než toβaŋalt ə̑l'e |
1PL: | toβaŋaltnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena toβaŋalt ə̑l'e |
2PL: | toβaŋaltneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda toβaŋalt ə̑l'e |
3PL: | toβaŋaltnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt toβaŋalt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | toβaŋaltnet ulmaš | ə̑net toβaŋalt ulmaš |
3SG: | toβaŋaltneže ulmaš | ə̑než toβaŋalt ulmaš |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | toβaŋaltneda ulmaš | ə̑neda toβaŋalt ulmaš |
3PL: | toβaŋaltnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt toβaŋalt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | toβaŋaltaš |
Necessitive infinitive: | toβaŋaltman |
Active participle: | toβaŋaltše |
Passive participle: | toβaŋaltme |
Future-necessitive participle: | toβaŋaltšaš |
Negative participle: | toβaŋaltdə̑me |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | toβaŋaltə̑n |
Negative gerund: | toβaŋaltde |
Gerund of prior action: | toβaŋaltmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | toβaŋaltmeš(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | toβaŋaltšə̑la |
Nominalization: | toβaŋaltmaš |
Negative nominalization: | toβaŋaltdə̑maš |