Paradigm Generator
Этот материал на данный момент доступен только на английском языке. Марийская и русская версии разрабатываются и скоро будут опубликованы.
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | topkaltarem | om topkaltare |
2SG: | topkaltaret | ot topkaltare |
3SG: | topkaltara | ok/ogeʃ topkaltare |
1PL: | topkaltarena | ona/ogəna topkaltare |
2PL: | topkaltareda | oda/ogəda topkaltare |
3PL: | topkaltarat | ogət topkaltare |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | topkaltarəʃəm | ʃəm topkaltare |
2SG: | topkaltarəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ topkaltare |
3SG: | topkaltarəʃ | əʃ topkaltare |
1PL: | topkaltarəʃna | əʃna topkaltare |
2PL: | topkaltarəʃda | əʃda topkaltare |
3PL: | topkaltarəʃt | əʃt topkaltare |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | topkaltarenam | topkaltaren oməl |
2SG: | topkaltarenat | topkaltaren otəl |
3SG: | topkaltaren | topkaltaren ogəl |
1PL: | topkaltarenːa | topkaltaren onal/ogənal |
2PL: | topkaltarenda | topkaltaren odal/ogədal |
3PL: | topkaltarenət | topkaltaren ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | topkaltarem əʎe | om topkaltare əʎe |
2SG: | topkaltaret əʎe | ot topkaltare əʎe |
3SG: | topkaltara əʎe | ok/ogeʃ topkaltare əʎe |
1PL: | topkaltarena əʎe | ona/ogəna topkaltare əʎe |
2PL: | topkaltareda əʎe | oda/ogəda topkaltare əʎe |
3PL: | topkaltarat əʎe | ogət topkaltare əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | topkaltarem ulmaʃ | om topkaltare ulmaʃ |
2SG: | topkaltaret ulmaʃ | ot topkaltare ulmaʃ |
3SG: | topkaltara ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ topkaltare ulmaʃ |
1PL: | topkaltarena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna topkaltare ulmaʃ |
2PL: | topkaltareda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda topkaltare ulmaʃ |
3PL: | topkaltarat ulmaʃ | ogət topkaltare ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | topkaltarenam əʎe | topkaltaren oməl əʎe |
2SG: | topkaltarenat əʎe | topkaltaren otəl əʎe |
3SG: | topkaltaren əʎe | topkaltaren ogəl əʎe |
1PL: | topkaltarenːa əʎe | topkaltaren onal/ogənal əʎe |
2PL: | topkaltarenda əʎe | topkaltaren odal/ogədal əʎe |
3PL: | topkaltaren əʎe | topkaltaren ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | topkaltarenam ulmaʃ | topkaltaren oməl ulmaʃ |
2SG: | topkaltarenat ulmaʃ | topkaltaren otəl ulmaʃ |
3SG: | topkaltaren ulmaʃ | topkaltaren ogəl ulmaʃ |
1PL: | topkaltarenːa ulmaʃ | topkaltaren onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
2PL: | topkaltarenda ulmaʃ | topkaltaren odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
3PL: | topkaltaren ulmaʃ | topkaltaren ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | topkaltare | it topkaltare |
3SG: | topkaltarəʒe | ənʒe topkaltare |
1PL: | (topkaltarena) | (ona/ogəna topkaltare) |
2PL: | topkaltarəza | ida topkaltare |
3PL: | topkaltarəʃt | ənəʃt topkaltare |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | topkaltarənem | ənem topkaltare |
2SG: | topkaltarənet | ənet topkaltare |
3SG: | topkaltarəneʒe | əneʒ topkaltare |
1PL: | topkaltarənena | ənena topkaltare |
2PL: | topkaltarəneda | əneda topkaltare |
3PL: | topkaltarəneʃt | əneʃt topkaltare |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | topkaltarənem əʎe | ənem topkaltare əʎe |
2SG: | topkaltarənena əʎe | ənet topkaltare əʎe |
3SG: | topkaltarəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ topkaltare əʎe |
1PL: | topkaltarənena əʎe | ənena topkaltare əʎe |
2PL: | topkaltarəneda əʎe | əneda topkaltare əʎe |
3PL: | topkaltarəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt topkaltare əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
1SG: | / | / |
2SG: | topkaltarənet ulmaʃ | ənet topkaltare ulmaʃ |
3SG: | topkaltarəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ topkaltare ulmaʃ |
1PL: | / | / |
2PL: | topkaltarəneda ulmaʃ | əneda topkaltare ulmaʃ |
3PL: | topkaltarəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt topkaltare ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
Infinitive: | topkaltaraʃ |
Necessitive infinitive: | topkaltarəman |
Active participle: | topkaltarəʃe |
Passive participle: | topkaltarəme |
Future-necessitive participle: | topkaltarəʃaʃ |
Negative participle: | topkaltarədəme |
Affirmative instructive gerund: | topkaltaren |
Negative gerund: | topkaltarəde |
Gerund of prior action: | topkaltarəmek(e) |
Gerund of future action: | topkaltarəmeʃ(ke) |
Gerund of simultaneous action: | topkaltarəʃəla |
Nominalization: | topkaltarəmaʃ |
Negative nominalization: | topkaltarədəmaʃ |